A migraine is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent, intense headaches that typically cause severe throbbing or pulsing pain on one side of the head. These headaches are often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraines can last anywhere from a few hours to several days, and they can significantly impact a person's ability to carry out daily activities.
The exact cause of migraines is not fully understood, but they are believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Some common triggers for migraines include stress, hormonal fluctuations, certain foods, changes in sleep patterns, and sensory stimuli.
In addition to the severe headache pain, migraines can also present with a variety of other symptoms. These can include:
Diagnosing migraines usually involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as discussing your symptoms with a healthcare provider. In some cases, additional testing such as imaging studies may be recommended to rule out other potential causes of your symptoms.
Once a migraine diagnosis is confirmed, there are several treatment options available to help manage the condition and reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. These can include: